Population Change and Rural Society von William A Kandel/David L Brown

CALVIN L. BEALE In considering how to introduce the subject of rural population change in st the 21 Century, I ?nd myself re?ecting on my own experience as a demographer for the U. S. Department of Agriculture. When I arrived at the Department, the post-World War II modernization of farming was well under way. Each year, my colleague Gladys Bowles and I had the unpopular task of announcing how much the farm population had decreased in the prior year. It was hard to say that the phenomenon was someone¿s fault. Dramatic reductions in labor requirements per unit of agricultural output were occurring everywhere and not just in the United States. But politically, blame had to be assigned, and whichever political party was not in the White House was certain to place the blame squarely on the current administration. The demographic consequences of this trend were major. In a 22-year period from 1941 to 1962, the net loss of farm population from migration and cessation of farming averaged over a million people per year. It took eight years after the war before an administration was willing to begin to talk about the need to diversify rural employment. By that time, farm residents had already become a minority of rural people. However, well into the 1970s, I continued to receive inquiries from people who still equated rural with farm or who could not envision what rural-nonfarm people did for a living.

InhaltsangabeContributors.- Acknowledgments.- Foreword, Calvin Beale.- Part I: Introduction and Demographic Context.- 1. Rural America Through a Demographic Lens, David L. Brown and William Kandel.- 2. The Rural Rebound and Its Aftermath: Changing Demographic Dynamics and Regional Contrasts, Kenneth M. Johnson and John B. Cromartie.- Part II: Four Critical Socio-demographic Themes.- 3. Changing Faces of Rural America, Annabel Kirschner, E. Helen Berry and Nina Glasgow.- 4. Changing Livelihoods in Rural America, Alex Vias and Peter Nelson.- 5. Fifty Years of Farmland Change: Urbanization, Population Growth and the Changing Farm Economy, Max J. Pfeffer, Joe D. Francis and Zev Ross.- 6. Changing Fortunes: Poverty in Rural America, Leif Jensen, Stephan J. Goetz and Hema Swaminathan.- Part III: Case Studies of Population and Society in Different Rural Regions.- Population Composition.- 7. Hispanic Population Growth, Age Composition Shifts, and Public Policy Impacts in Nonmetro Counties, William Kandel and Emilio Parrado.- 8. Social Integration of Older Inmigrants in Nonmetro Retirement Destination Counties, Nina Glasgow and David L. Brown.- Livelihoods.- 9. Agricultural Dependence and Population Change in the Great Plains, Kenneth M. Johnson and Richard W. Rathge.- 10. Gaming, Population Change and Rural Development on Indian Reservations: An Idaho Case Study, Gundars Rudzitis.- 11. Urban Sprawl and Rural Economic Transformation in the South, John B. Cromartie.- Land Use.- 12. Changing Land Use Patterns in the Rocky Mountain West, Doug Jackson Smith, Eric Jensen and Brian Jennings.- 13. The Effect of Seasonal Homes on Indicators of Rurality, Richard C. Stedman, Stephan Goetz and Benjamin S. Weagraff.- 14. Housing Affordability in the North Woods of Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Michigan, Roger B. Hammer and Richelle Winkler.- Emerging Opportunity and Chronic Disadvantage.- 15. Social Change and Well Being in Western Amenity-Growth Communities, Richard S. Krannich, Peggy Petrzelka andJoan Brehm.- 16. Community Evaluation and Migration Intentions: The Role of Attraction and Aversion to Place on the Northern Great Plains, Christiane von Reichert.- 17. Persistent Poverty and Inequality in Appalachia, Elgin Mannion and Dwight B. Billings.- 18. Welfare Reform Amidst Chronic Poverty in the Mississippi Delta, M. A. Lee and Joachim Singelmann.- Part IV: New Analytic Directions and Policy Implications.- 19. The (Re-)Emergence of Spatial Demography, Paul R. Voss, Katherine J. Curtis White and Roger B. Hammer.- 20. Policy Implications of Rural Demographic Change, Leslie Whitener.- Index.

Contributors.- Acknowledgments.- Foreword, Calvin Beale.- Part I: Introduction and Demographic Context.- 1. Rural America Through a Demographic Lens, David L. Brown and William Kandel.- 2. The Rural Rebound and Its Aftermath: Changing Demographic Dynamics and Regional Contrasts, Kenneth M. Johnson and John B. Cromartie.- Part II: Four Critical Socio-demographic Themes.- 3. Changing Faces of Rural America, Annabel Kirschner, E. Helen Berry and Nina Glasgow.- 4. Changing Livelihoods in Rural America, Alex Vias and Peter Nelson.- 5. Fifty Years of Farmland Change: Urbanization, Population Growth and the Changing Farm Economy, Max J. Pfeffer, Joe D. Francis and Zev Ross.- 6. Changing Fortunes: Poverty in Rural America, Leif Jensen, Stephan J. Goetz and Hema Swaminathan.- Part III: Case Studies of Population and Society in Different Rural Regions.- Population Composition.- 7. Hispanic Population Growth, Age Composition Shifts, and Public Policy Impacts in Nonmetro Counties, William Kandel and Emilio Parrado.- 8. Social Integration of Older Inmigrants in Nonmetro Retirement Destination Counties, Nina Glasgow and David L. Brown.- Livelihoods.- 9. Agricultural Dependence and Population Change in the Great Plains, Kenneth M. Johnson and Richard W. Rathge.- 10. Gaming, Population Change and Rural Development on Indian Reservations: An Idaho Case Study, Gundars Rudzitis.- 11. Urban Sprawl and Rural Economic Transformation in the South, John B. Cromartie.- Land Use.- 12. Changing Land Use Patterns in the Rocky Mountain West, Doug Jackson Smith, Eric Jensen and Brian Jennings.- 13. The Effect of Seasonal Homes on Indicators of Rurality, Richard C. Stedman, Stephan Goetz and Benjamin S. Weagraff.- 14. Housing Affordability in the North Woods of Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Michigan, Roger B. Hammer and Richelle Winkler.- Emerging Opportunity and Chronic Disadvantage.- 15. Social Change and Well Being in Western Amenity-Growth Communities, Richard S. Krannich, Peggy Petrzelka and Joan Brehm.- 16. Community Evaluation and Migration Intentions: The Role of Attraction and Aversion to Place on the Northern Great Plains, Christiane von Reichert.- 17. Persistent Poverty and Inequality in Appalachia, Elgin Mannion and Dwight B. Billings.- 18. Welfare Reform Amidst Chronic Poverty in the Mississippi Delta, M. A. Lee and Joachim Singelmann.- Part IV: New Analytic Directions and Policy Implications.- 19. The (Re-)Emergence of Spatial Demography, Paul R. Voss, Katherine J. Curtis White and Roger B. Hammer.- 20. Policy Implications of Rural Demographic Change, Leslie Whitener.- Index.