Sea Ice von David N Thomas

<p>Over the past 20 years the study of the frozen Arctic and Southern Oceans and sub-arctic seas has progressed at a remarkable pace. This third edition of<i>Sea Ice</i> gives insight into the very latest understanding of the how sea ice is formed, how we measure (and model) its extent, the biology that lives within and associated with sea ice and the effect of climate change on its distribution. How sea ice influences the oceanography of underlying waters and the influences that sea ice has on humans living in Arctic regions are also discussed.</p><p>Featuring twelve new chapters, this edition follows two previous editions (2001 and 2010), and the need for this latest update exhibits just how rapidly the science of sea ice is developing. The 27 chapters are written by a team of more than 50 of the worlds leading experts in their fields. These combine to make the book the most comprehensive introduction to the physics, chemistry, biology and geology of sea ice that there is.</p> This third edition of<i>Sea Ice</i> will be a key resource for all policy makers, researchers and students who work with the frozen oceans and seas.

David N. Thomas is Professor of Marine Biology and Head of the School of Ocean Sciences at Bangor University, Menai Bridge, UK. He is also a visiting Research Professor at the Marine Research Centre of the Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE), Helsinki, Finland.

List of contributors viiPreface xi1 Overview of sea ice growth and properties 1Chris Petrich and Hajo Eicken2 Sea ice thickness distribution 42Christian Haas3 Snow in the sea ice system: friend or foe? 65Matthew Sturm and Robert A. Massom4 Sea ice and sunlight 110Donald K. Perovich5 The sea iceocean boundary layer 138Miles G. McPhee6 The atmosphere over sea ice 160Ola Persson and Timo Vihma7 Sea ice and Arctic Ocean oceanography 197Finlo Cottier, Michael Steele and Frank Nilsen8 Oceanography and sea ice in the Southern Ocean 216Michael P. Meredith and Mark A. Brandon9 Methods of satellite remote sensing of sea ice 239Gunnar Spreen and Stefan Kern10 Gaining (and losing) Antarctic sea ice: variability, trends and mechanisms 261Sharon Stammerjohn and Ted Maksym11 Losing Arctic sea ice: observations of the recent decline and the long-term context 290Walter N. Meier12 Sea ice in Earth system models 304Dirk Notz and Cecilia M. Bitz13 Sea ice as a habitat for Bacteria, Archaea and viruses 326Jody W. Deming and R. Eric Collins14 Sea ice as a habitat for primary producers 352Kevin R. Arrigo15 Sea ice as a habitat for micrograzers 370David A. Caron, Rebecca J. Gast and Marie-Ève Garneau16 Sea ice as a habitat for macrograzers 394Bodil A. Bluhm, Kerrie M. Swadling and Rolf Gradinger17 Dynamics of nutrients, dissolved organic matter and exopolymers in sea ice 415Klaus M. Meiners and Christine Michel18 Gases in sea ice 433Jean-Louis Tison, Bruno Delille and Stathys Papadimitriou19 Transport and transformation of contaminants in sea ice 472Feiyue Wang, Monika Púcko and Gary Stern20 Numerical models of sea ice biogeochemistry 492Martin Vancoppenolle and Letizia Tedesco21 Arctic marine mammals and sea ice 516Kristin L. Laidre and Eric V. Regehr22 Antarctic marine mammals and sea ice 534Marthán N. Bester, Horst Bornemann and Trevor McIntyre23 A feathered perspective: the influence of sea ice on Arctic marine birds 556Nina J. Karnovsky and Maria V. Gavrilo24 Birds and Antarctic sea ice 570David Ainley, Eric J. Woehler and Amelie Lescroël25 Sea ice is our beautiful garden: indigenous perspectives on sea ice in the Arctic 583Henry P. Huntington, Shari Gearheard, Lene Kielsen Holm, George Noongwook, Margaret Opie and Joelie Sanguya26 Advances in palaeo sea ice estimation 600Leanne Armand, Alexander Ferry and Amy Leventer27 Ice in subarctic seas 630Hermanni Kaartokallio, Mats A. Granskog, Harri Kuosa and Jouni VainioIndex 645

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